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Castel di Sangro is a small town in Abruzzo, central Italy, midway between Rome and Naples; it nestles in an Apennine valley beside the Sangro river.
During World War II, the river Sangro was part of the German military fortifications known as the Gustav Line. The allied Eighth Army crossed the Sangro on 23 November 1943 and began a series of offensives. The rough and inaccessible terrain contributed to the length and hardship of the battles. Castel di Sangro was liberated in November 1943, but the offensive led to the carnage of the Battle of Monte Cassino in early 1944, which the allies finally captured at considerable cost.