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Further to significant success of United States naval forces in the Pacific, which in May 1942 had infiltrated a severe defeat on Japanese ships in the Coral Sea, and in November had destroyed 16 naval vessels and 8 troop transports off the Solomon Islands, recent victories by American land forces in the Pacific theatre prompted Shepard to underscore Japanese vulnerability. These preliminary sketches in pencil, and usually for Shepard, in monochrome watercolour, were for Punch cartoon appearing in the issue of 14 July 1943.