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Britannia watermark on laid paper.
From 1812, John Varley exhibited views of Portugal and Spain, though he had visited neither country.
They were often based on sketches made by travellers, including officers involved in the Peninsular War, in which Britain supported Spain and Portugal in repelling Napoleon’s forces from the Iberian Peninsula in the period before 1814. Though the present work is inscribed ‘Renteria, Portugal’, Renteria – or Errenteria as it is now known – is actually close to San Sebastian in Spain. It is mentioned in histories of the campaign.