In 1873, Henry Moore travelled to Egypt with his brother-in-law, Edward Bollans. The crossings between Marseilles and Alexandria provided him with opportunities to make studies of the Mediterranean, which resulted in two characteristic paintings: 'The Calm Mediterranean' (whereabouts unknown) and 'Rough Weather in the Mediterranean' (Blackburn Museum and Art Gallery, 1874). However, the trip also inspired more unusual compositions, including the present work, depicting an Egyptian observing a hoopoe while resting in the shade.